For decades, the Indian Air Force's most formidable and reliable fighter jet, the MiG-21, is retiring today, September 26. It was India's first supersonic fighter aircraft, which proved its strength and courage in the wars of 1965, 1971, and 1999.
New Delhi: The Indian Air Force's MiG-21 JNN is retiring today, September 26, 2025. This supersonic fighter jet, which symbolized Indian air power for decades, challenged enemies in several historic missions, from 1965 to Operation Sindoor. It was India's first supersonic jet, demonstrating its strength against the Pakistan Air Force in the wars of 1965, 1971, and 1999. Even in its final phase, the MiG-21 showcased the Indian Air Force's might by shooting down Pakistan's F-16 fighter jet.
Introduction to MiG-21
The MiG-21 was an aircraft manufactured by the Soviet Union (now Russia), inducted into the Indian Air Force in 1963. It was India's first supersonic jet, meaning it could fly faster than the speed of sound. At that time, the MiG-21 gave a new identity to Indian air power and sent a message of threat to enemies.
Upgraded MiG-21 Bison
Over time, the old design of the MiG-21 began to show its limitations. In 2000, it was upgraded as the MiG-21 Bison. New radar, missile systems, and helmet-mounted sights were added. Despite this, the aircraft's age and the outdated technology of its design posed several operational challenges.
Recalling his experience with the MiG-21, Retired Wing Commander Avinash Chikate said, "My first encounter with the MiG-21 was in 1982. Its design was so sleek and conical that I was captivated by it at first sight. But I was also afraid because I only had 175 hours of flying experience and wondered if I would be able to handle it."
MiG-21's Contribution to Historic Missions
- 1965 Indo-Pak War: The MiG-21 participated in combat for the first time, challenging Pakistani aircraft equipped with American technology.
- 1971 War: The MiG-21 played a crucial role in the independence of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Its precise attacks targeted enemy bholds.
- 1999 Kargil War: During nighttime operations, the MiG-21 carried out effective GPS-guided attacks on enemy positions.
- Balakot Strike 2019: A MiG-21 Bison shot down an F-16 fighter jet, an act carried out by Group Captain Abhinandan Varthaman.
- Operation Sindoor 2025: This was the MiG-21's last major operation, in response to the Pahalgam terrorist attacks.
MiG-21 was called 'Flying Coffin'
The MiG-21 performed brilliantly, but decades of accidents also tarnished its reputation. Over the last 60 years, more than 400 MiG-21s crashed, resulting in the loss of over 200 pilots' lives.
- Outdated Design: The aircraft from the 1950s-60s became outdated compared to today's technology.
- Maintenance Difficulties: Maintenance was becoming challenging due to old parts and technology.
- Pilot Error: Some accidents occurred due to lack of training or mistakes.
The MiG-21 in the Indian Air Force will be replaced by the Tejas Mk 1A aircraft. This is India's indigenous fighter jet, developed by HAL and the Aeronautical Development Agency. The Tejas aircraft will be equipped with indigenous missiles, such as Astra-1, and other advanced defense equipment.
